today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
greeting; a fine thing to say
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
early; a little earlier than usual; a little faster than usual; slightly quicker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
tide; current; sea water; opportunity; chance
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sunny spot; exposure to the sun
many; much; plenty; hardly
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot; considerate; kind; genial
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to re-think; to think back upon; to change one's mind
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity