this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
to have a nightmare; to make a noise during a nightmare
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
boy; son; baby boy; young man
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
somehow or other; for some reason or another; without knowing why
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
(I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); (I) fancy (that)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
it's no big deal; it's no problem; it's nothing to worry about; safe (and sound); all right
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way