to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
evening; last night; yesterday evening
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
suffix for familiar person
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
rucksack; knapsack; backpack
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
fine weather; fair weather
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to make merry; to be festive
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge