to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
ugh (when angry, irritated, etc.); ack; ach; tsk; keh
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
regrettable; unfortunate; disappointing; vexing
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
already; previously; before; undeniably; unmistakably
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
professor; teaching; instruction
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
wild; violent; rough-mannered; rough (e.g. work); crude; coarse
landing; alighting; touch down
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
fall; crash (of an aircraft)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
to exile; to banish; to revise the wording of a phrase
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
steering; piloting; flying; management (of people); handling; manipulation
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction