eldest sister; oldest sister
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
by means of; due to; because of; according to
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
war; battle; match; game; competition
little girl; maiden; young lady; female usually between 7 and 18 years old
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to gather; to collect; to assemble
elder sister; effeminate man
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
last drink (of sake); last glass; last cup
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
sacred treasure; the three sacred treasures (sword, jewel, mirror); implement used in religious ceremonies
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
of course; certainly; naturally
every conceivable; every single; every possible; all kinds of
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
to catch; to stop the blow; to react to; to take (advice, etc.); to accept
iron (Fe); strong and hard (as iron); railway; railway enthusiast
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
extermination; annihilation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to win fame; to be widely-known; to be well known; to make a name for oneself