indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
company; firm; (Shinto) shrine; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.; incorporated body
robot; (mere) puppet; pawn; figurehead
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
servant (of the people); minister (of religion)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
development; cultivation; application; exploitation (of resources)
clause; article; stipulations
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
function; facility; faculty; feature
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
article (in a document); clause; counter for lines, stripes, streaks, rays, etc.; although; though; since
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; operation; moving picture
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
restoration; repair; mending
above-mentioned; above-named; above
condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite
to satisfy (conditions, one's appetite, etc.); to meet (e.g. demands); to fulfill; to fill (e.g. a cup); to pack; to supply
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
case; occasion; situation; circumstances
stoppage; coming to a stop; ceasing (movement, activity, etc.); suspension (of operations); suspension (of payment, a licence, etc.); (temporary) prohibition
processing; dealing with; treatment; disposition; disposal
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah