I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
state; state of affairs; appearance; look; sign; indication
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
holiness; sacredness; sanctity; dignity
suffix appended to somebody else's family members
parting; separation; farewell
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
soliloquy; monologue; speaking to oneself
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
housework; domestic chores; family affairs; household matters
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest