that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
development; exploitation
robot; (mere) puppet; pawn; figurehead
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
general term; generic name
construction; establishment
engineering works; civil engineering; public works
field; sphere; realm; division; branch
diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
rapid increase; proliferation; surge; explosion
Metropolitan Police Department (esp. Tokyo)
department; section; course (of study); branch of study; (taxonomical) family
rolling stock; railroad cars; wheeled vehicles
lesson; section (in an organization); division; counter for lessons and chapters (of a book)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
establishing; founding; setting up; organizing; establishment
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
popular name; common name; nickname; alias
birth; creation; formation
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
to leave; to go away; to pass; to elapse; to be distant; to send away; to drive off
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
palace examination (national Chinese civil servant examination based largely on classic literature); someone who has passed this examination; examination for promotion in the Ministry of Ceremonies (based largely on political duties and Chinese classics); someone who has passed this examination
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
adds force or indicates command
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
considerably; greatly; a lot
smooth (of a surface); glassy; smooth (of an action, proceedings, etc.); fluent (speech); continuously differentiable
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
absent-mindedly; idly; vacantly; doing nothing
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?