person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
blood relative; close relation; (one's) flesh and blood; flesh and blood; the body
to have a talk; to tell a story
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
shape; appearance; collateral; obverse of an old "zeni" coin
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (e.g. of a document)
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
now (while the time is ripe); while one still can
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
nature; property; disposition
to say in other words; to put another way; to express in different words; to reword; to rephrase
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
nature; disposition; temperament; qualities; attributes; talents
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
after that; afterwards; thereafter
how; in what way; how about
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
answer; reply; response; answer; solution; result
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)