recorder (musical instrument); English flute
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
athletic meet (esp. at school); sports day
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
sluggish; languid; listless; bothersome; tiresome
performing without rehearsal
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
three-legged race; cooperation with singleness of purpose (e.g. between companies); operating in tandem
combination; assortment; matching (in a contest); pairing; combination
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in that way; thus; so; so?
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
the first and second; a few
wounded person; injured person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
elm bark clothes traditionally worn by the Ainu; elm bark textile
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
exercise; physical training; appeal; campaign; motion; movement
interview; audience; meeting; (viewing) party
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
guardian; protector; patron; parent
participation; joining; entry; adherence
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid