here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
had better ...; had better not ...
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
paralysis; palsy; numbness; stupor
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
unsightly; ugly; unseemly; indecent; deplorable; disgraceful
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
knee; lap; knee and thigh (while sitting)
honour; honor; glory; privilege
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
collapse; crumbling; breaking down; (radioactive) decay; disintegration
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
defeat; loss; reverse; setback
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
beginning; outset; first; onset
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe and humor (humour)
both; both sides; both parties