at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to be compensated; to make up for one's losses
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
of course; certainly; naturally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to compile; to bring together; to weave; to put together; to bring to a conclusion; to wrap up
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
question; inquiry; enquiry
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
depending on; as soon as; immediately after; as (e.g. "as one is told", "as one wishes"); whatever (e.g. "whatever is at hand"); order; program
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to keep; to preserve; to hold; to last; to endure; to keep well (food)
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
such; like that; that sort of; very
poison; toxicant; harm; evil influence; ill will; spite
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)