indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to recall; to remember; to recollect
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear
to stare at; to gaze at; to look hard at; to watch intently; to fix one's eyes on
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
adds force or indicates command
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
well; properly; best regards; please remember me; just like ...; as though one were ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
older brother; elder brother; brother (as older-brother figure in friendly and or work relationship); young man; buddy
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah