house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
as you see; as you can see
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
housework; domestic chores; family affairs; household matters
(the) whole; as a whole; in general; at large
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to digest; to break down; to break to pieces; to be able to use; to be good at; to finish; to complete
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
route; road; distance travelled in a day; one's ... (age, e.g. 40s, 60s)
service; duty; business; Buddhist religious services
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow; reward; gift
more and more; increasingly; extremely; very
massage (esp. anma, a traditional form of Japanese massage); masseur; masseuse; (arch.) blind person
outside of; not covered by
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
weather; the elements; fair weather; fine weather
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
suffix for familiar person
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for