honorific/polite/humble prefix
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
suffix for familiar person
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to slip out; to sneak away; to break into the lead; to get ahead; to begin to fall out (e.g. hair); to break out (of a loop)
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom
cruel; merciless; pitiless; tragic; horrible; terrible
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
considerably; fairly; quite
adds force or indicates command