teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
teacher; master; religious leader; specialist; (arch.) five-battalion brigade comprising 2500 men (Zhou-dynasty Chinese army)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
banknote; bill; note; paper money
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
cavity; hollow; void; hollow (voice, smile, etc.); blank (eyes, look, etc.); vacant (expression, stare, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
perhaps; likely; probably; I dare say
to run out of; to dry up; to be depleted; to hit the bottom; to bottom out
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
emotional strength; force of will
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
dead person; (the) deceased; (the) dead; casualties
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort