indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to be silent; to say nothing
to repel; to drive away; to repulse; to reject
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
how; in what way; how about
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
consequence; outcome; result; blame
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
lots of; a ton of; a mountain of; piles of; heaps of; so many
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.); emphatic particle; particle adding uncertainty
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
all; entire; whole; altogether
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
perfect; complete; flawless
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
in succession; one by one
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to draw or pull something towards oneself (e.g. chair)