indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
that's the way it is; such is life
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
reopening; resumption; restarting
time; season; period; phase; stage
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
not yet fixed; undecided; pending
hey there; I say; see here
bravery; courage; heroism
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to be dented; to be indented; to be beaten; to be overwhelmed; to be disheartened; to feel down
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
imagination; supposition; guess
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
until now; so far; up to the present
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
shopping; purchased goods
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach