indicates sentence topic;  indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated);  adds emphasis
 indicates possessive;  nominalizes verbs and adjectives;  substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases;  (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion;  (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis;  (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
 language;  dialect;  word;  phrase;  speech;  (manner of) speaking
 if;  when;  and;  with;  used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.);  promoted pawn;  indicates a question
 together;  jointly;  at the same time;  with;  both
 to appear;  to come in sight;  to become visible;  to be expressed (e.g. emotions);  to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
 red;  crimson;  Red;  communist; (arch.)  beautiful
 you;  buddy;  monarch;  ruler;  he;  she
 indicates direct object of action;  indicates subject of causative expression;  indicates an area traversed;  indicates time (period) over which action takes place;  indicates point of departure or separation of action;  indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
 to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby);  to embrace;  to hug;  to have (a thought or feeling);  to hold;  to harbour (suspicion, doubt, etc.)
 you said;  he said;  if ... then;  do you seriously think that;  I already told you;  you should know by now that;  the said ...
 inside;  interior;  among;  within;  middle;  center;  during
 to stand up;  to get up;  to rise;  to recover;  to take action;  to start;  to make the initial charge
 Mr.;  Mrs.;  makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions);  state;  situation
 please;  somehow or other;  one way or another
 at (place, time);  in;  to (direction, state);  toward;  for (purpose);  because of (reason);  for
 honorific/polite/humble prefix;  honorific suffix
 safe;  secure;  certainly;  surely;  no thanks;  I'm good
 tradition;  legend;  folklore
 to believe;  to believe in;  to place trust in;  to confide in;  to have faith in
 yes;  that is correct;  um;  errr;  huh?;  grrr
 at;  in;  at;  when;  by;  with;  and then
 here;  this place;  this point;  here;  these past ... (e.g. three years);  these last ...
 phrase (verse, line);  one haiku-poem
 that;  the;  part (as in "part two");  um ...;  er ...
 single word;  a few words;  brief comment
 full charge (battery, condensor)
 honorific/polite/humble prefix
 yes;  that is correct;  understood;  I see;  present;  here;  pardon?
 to be able (in a position) to do;  to be up to the task;  to be ready;  to be completed;  to be made;  to be built;  to be good at
 Mr.;  Mrs.;  Miss;  politeness marker
 please;  kindly;  by all means;  certainly;  here you are;  to give
 loveable;  very likeable;  like very much
 today;  this day;  these days;  recently;  nowadays
 too;  also;  both A and B;  A as well as B;  even;  as much as
 liked;  well-liked;  in love (with);  loved;  faddism;  eccentricity
 it is assuredly that ...;  can say with confidence that ...
 twist;  spin;  ingenuity;  sophistication (e.g. of writing style);  wrapped offering (of money);  twisting throw
 indicates sentence subject (occasionally object);  indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions);  but;  however;  regardless of;  whether (or not)