tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
headquarters; head office; main office
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
dry; dry (tone, humour, etc.); unemotional; dry (of alcohol)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
how; in what way; how about
last drink (of sake); last glass; last cup
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to write down; to note; to jot down; to remember
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow (a person); to accompany; to go alongside (e.g. a river); to follow (e.g. a sign)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
please (give me); please (do for me)
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
on good terms with; on cordial terms with; getting along well with; to make friends with; to be good friends with; to get along with
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to join hands together; to join forces; to collaborate