hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
mwahahaha (evil laughter)
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
surely; certainly; without doubt
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to be caught; to be arrested; to hold on to; to grasp; to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); very
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
edge (of a knife or sword); prong (of an electrical plug)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn over; to turn around; to change (one's mind); to reverse (one's decision); to fly (flag, etc.); to wave (skirt, cape, etc.)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
family; relatives; dependents; household
to contract; to undertake; to take over; to take responsibility for
duty; function; office; mission; task