victory or defeat; match; contest; game
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
arrangement; preparations; search (by police)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to entrust (e.g. a task) to another; to leave to; to passively leave to someone else's facilities; to leave to take its natural course; to continue (something) in a natural fashion (without particular aim); to rely fully on one's (full strength, great ability, long time taken) to get something done
Dragon King; promoted rook
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
insane; crazy; nuts; out of one's mind
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
letter; missive; note; mail
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to send; to forward; to hand over (e.g. money)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to the limit; to the full; as much as possible; with all one's might
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to connect; to link together; to tie; to fasten; to maintain; to preserve
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing