Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
please (give me); please (do for me)
why; how; for what reason
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
now; the present time; just now; another; more
time; hour; period; class
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
quickly; promptly; immediately; indifferently; coldly
business; thing to be done; something that should be performed; information that should be conveyed
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
with; by; because of; on account of; on (a day, date); at (a time); adds emphasis to preceding word
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
rate; ratio; one tenth; ten percent; (comparative) profit; gain; assignment
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof