indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
mind; spirit; attitude; mentality; spirit (of a matter); essence
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
body; physique; shape; form; substance; identity; field
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
(real) ability; true strength; merit; arms; force
part; portion; glimpse; bit
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)
my goodness!; oh my!; oh dear!
difference; variation; difference
to be oversized (overloud, etc.)
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
return gift; return favour; revenge; change (in a cash transaction)
not going (well); not proceeding (as one wishes); bad; not good; hopeless; beyond hope
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
abdomen; belly; womb; one's mind; one's real intentions; courage; nerve
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
favourite dish (favorite); favourite food
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
with a feeling of relief; with a sigh of relief; deeply (sigh)
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff