indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
how; in what way; how about
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
nothing but; except; no more than
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
to see to it that ...; to make sure that ...; to try to ...; to make an effort to ...
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to put an end to something; to get something over with; to quit something one has been engaged in too long or to an excessive degree
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
any more; anymore; any further; any better; any longer
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
in a daze; absent-mindedly; dimly; hazily; with a roar (of flames); with a whoosh
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
depressing; dark (e.g. story); grim (e.g. expression); irritating; annoying; tedious (work, person, etc.)
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to run away; to flee; to avoid (a question, responsibility, etc.); to evade; to win without being overtaken; to hold off the other contenders (until the finish)
with gusto; with wild abandon; enthusiastically; energetically
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)