until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
Bakumatsu period; closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of the Edo period
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
complicated; complex; intricate; confusing; difficult; troublesome
old person; elderly person; trustee of the Japan Sumo Association; retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay; senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate); important local official (under the Tokugawa Shogunate)
to leave (a matter, decision, etc. to someone); to entrust (to someone); to leave (to chance, one's imagination, etc.); to let (take its own course); to use (money, strength, spare time, etc.) to the full; to use freely
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to
to advance (spatially); to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to move ahead (e.g. of work); to intensify
now; the present time; just now; another; more
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
to receive favor; to receive assistance; to receive help; to be looked after; to be taken care of; to become dependent (on)
leaving (on, open, unfinished, etc.); (doing) continuously; constantly; keep ...-ing
(received) favor, kindness or blessing (favour)
reversal; return; return gift; return favour; barb (on a fishing hook); mixture of soy sauce, sugar and mirin
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to work hard; to try hard; to strive; to endeavour; to endeavor; to devote oneself to
paying back a favour; repayment (of an obligation, kindness, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
Moon; month; moonlight; (a) moon; natural satellite
to learn; to study; to take lessons in
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
treasure; treasured item; prized possession
to reward; to recompense; to repay; to retaliate; to get revenge
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
admirable; commendable; praiseworthy; laudable; brave; heroic
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
grandfather; male senior-citizen
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
the other day; lately; recently
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
to hang around; to loaf around; to roll (of something large and heavy); to tumble; to be lying about (all over the place); to be strewn (everywhere)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
they; those guys; those fellows