indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
barely miss (meeting someone, catching a train, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
thinly; slightly; vaguely; a little
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
special someone; special person; precious one; significant other
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
you (when referring to one's equals or inferiors)
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
how much; how many; to what extent
deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to support; to prop; to sustain; to hold at bay; to stem; to check
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
particle used to indicate the speaker's hope, desire, wish, etc. (e.g. "it would be nice if ...", "I wish there were ...", etc.); emphatic particle; particle adding uncertainty
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
now; the present time; just now; another; more