indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
soldier; combatant; warrior
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
guidance; leadership; instruction; shido (minor penalty in judo)
training; drill; practice; discipline
(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be dented; to be indented; to be beaten; to be overwhelmed; to be disheartened; to feel down
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
in plain words; in plain terms; put simply
just like that; quite so; I agree; that street
really; truly; indeed; good grief
miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
to keep company; to look after; to entertain; to play (a game) with
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to abandon; to fail; to desert; to forsake
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do; to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously; to contain (or combine) two or more features; to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.); to do alongside
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as