indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
visitor (esp. at a hospital)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
bad; wrong; must not (do, be); should not; useless; no good; hopeless
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
visiting room; visitation room
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to come together; to merge; to fit; to match; to be profitable; to be equitable
imperial lands; lands blessed by the emperor's reign
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
meeting (face-to-face); seeing; visit; interview
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
honorific/polite/humble prefix
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to devise; to arrange; to plan; to plot
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
stands; bleachers; stand (e.g. newspaper stand); counter (e.g. lunch counter); stand (e.g. inkstand); desk lamp
errand; mission; messenger; bearer; familiar spirit; use
certain; sure; no doubt; reliable; dependable
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...