indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
abundant harvest; bumper crop
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
the place for; the time for; the level of
drawing a tile from the wall; win with a self-drawn tile; winning off a self-drawn tile while completely concealed (meld); winning off a self-drawn tile without having called any tiles
oar; all; (pulling an) all-nighter; staying up all night
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
pardon; forgiveness; forbearance
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
serious; not joking; straight; (arch.) cannot; (arch.) should not; (arch.) will not
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
nasty; mean; heartless; inconsiderate; selfish
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
fan-tan (game); sevens; parliament
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
now; the present time; just now; another; more
interval; break; pause; gap (between objects); interval; opening
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
every evening; night after night
when it comes to the cause; when you get right down to it; as for what started it; as for the reason; originally
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
excursion; field trip; school trip
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
called; known as; that; to say
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial