yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
numbness; going to sleep (of a limb); pins and needles
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
needle; pin; hook; stinger; thorn; hand (e.g. clock, etc.); pointer
water (esp. cool or cold); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
bowl; pot; (plant) pot; flowerpot; crown (of the head); skull
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
honorific affix; honorific prefix
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
come (on); come now; all right; right; well; hmm
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
woodcutter; lumberjack; logger
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
tree; shrub; wood; timber; wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
helper; assistant; help; assistance
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.); to take (a measure, course of action, etc.); to pick (e.g. flowers); to gather (e.g. mushrooms); to extract (e.g. juice); to take (e.g. a sample); to assume (an attitude)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of