house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
prime location (for offices, housing, etc.); best district (in town); excellent piece of land
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
superior; first-class; excellent; (that's) just fine!; bring it on!
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to eat; to drink; to receive (e.g. a blow); to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
bride; (one's) daughter-in-law; wife
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to make a living; to earn a livelihood; to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to notice; to realize; to be attentive; to be scrupulous; to regain consciousness; to come to (one's senses)
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (e.g. endure); stoically
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become