iron (Fe); strong and hard (as iron); railway; railway enthusiast
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to handle (men); to master (a tool); to manage; to acquire a command of (a language)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
endurance; patience; perseverance; self-control; self-restraint
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
sword (esp. Japanese single-edged); katana; scalpel; chisel; burin; knife money (knife-shaped commodity money used in ancient China)
meals exchanged by parishioners and priests
grandfather; male senior-citizen
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
method; process; manner; way; means; technique
to get information out of a person; to begin listening
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
father; dad; husband; you; he
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
seal; to seal (e.g. a letter); to affix a seal; to seal up
spirit; sprite; energy; vigor (vigour); fine details; semen
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
burst of laughter; roar of laughter
fashion; way; school (of thought); class; rank; current (electrical, water, etc.)
(in gagaku or noh) middle section of a song
to make someone eat; to deal (a blow); to play (a trick)
secret techniques (of an art or skill); inner mysteries; essence; quintessence; heart
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now