indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to move (house); to change residence
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to pass (of time); to elapse
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
senior (at school, work, etc.); superior; elder; older person; predecessor
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
being on duty; person on duty; one's turn
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
(animal) feed; fodder; pet food; bait; lure; enticement
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it
then; well; so; well then
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
bento; Japanese box lunch
one cup (of); one glass (of); one drink (of alcohol); full; filled (with); fully; to capacity
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
handmade; handcrafted; homemade; homegrown
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
exchange; interchange; switching; reciprocity; barter; substitution
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor (vigour); to be enthusiastic; to be eager; to stretch to breaking point
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...