too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
finally; at last; in the end; ultimately
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
end; ending; close; end of (one's) life; death
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
pleasant (of a sensation); comfortable; cheerful; happy; smooth (of function); working well
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
major cleanup; spring cleaning
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone
arrival (of post, news, correspondence, etc.); receiving (a phone call, email, etc.)
brightness; discernment; insight; eyesight; vision; nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
Ming dynasty (of China; 1368-1644)
(in a) long time; long time (ago); while (ago); long ago; long while (ago); (in a) long while
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
company; corporation; firm; one's workplace
greeting the New Year (on New Year's Eve); welcoming the New Year
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow (handling, dealing with something); anyhow; one way or another
first three days of the New Year (January 1-3)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
somewhere; in some respects; in some way
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
not at all; don't worry about it; forget about it
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis); qilin (Chinese unicorn); (arch.) horse that can ride 1000 ri in a day
to spend (time); to pass; to overdo (esp. alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); to take care of; to support
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?