you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
blue (colour, color); sad; down (in the dumps)
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
from the bottom of one's heart; heartily; sincerely
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
permission; approval; authorization; to permit; to authorize
will not do; do not; does not
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
(not) in any way; in no way; at all; terribly; awfully; hopelessly
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
related to; in relation to; as far as ... is concerned
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
given that ... it is only natural that ...; ... being the case, it is unavoidable that ...; (precisely) because ...; contrary to expectations ...
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
new development; new discovery
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen)