mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to let go of; to release; to part with (e.g. a possession); to relinquish; to send away (e.g. one's child); to let go
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
(period of) a year; during an era
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
disqualification; unfitness; noncompliance
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
disposal; throwing away; dealing with (a problem); measure; punishment; penalty
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
blue (colour, color); sad; down (in the dumps)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
from the bottom of one's heart; heartily; sincerely
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do (someone) a wrong; to do (someone) an ill turn; to take revenge; to resent; to bear a grudge
danger; peril; hazard; risk
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
exclusion; removal; rejection; elimination; abatement; lifting (sanctions, etc.)
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened