hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
valley (with a river running through it); gorge; ravine; canyon
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
highway (esp. one existing from the Edo period); main road; highway (e.g. to success); path (to becoming ...); subdistrict (in China)
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
feelings; thoughts; meaning
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to succeed (a person, to a position, etc.); to inherit; to patch (clothes); to mend; to add (e.g. charcoal to the fire); to replenish with
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hesitation; bewilderment; illusion; delusion; inability to reach enlightenment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
people; citizens; subjects; folk
country; territory; domain; realm
prosperity; thriving; flourishing
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
to lift up; to hold up; to give; to offer; to devote; to sacrifice
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
your Highness; his Highness; her Highness
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
now; the present time; just now; another; more
wartime fire; war; wartime destruction; horrors of war
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to blow violently; to sweep over; to devastate