female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
hateful; abominable; poor-looking; amazing; fantastic; admirable
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
given that ... it is only natural that ...; ... being the case, it is unavoidable that ...; (precisely) because ...; contrary to expectations ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
many; a lot; much; multitude
to joke; to jest; to make fun of; to laugh at; to romp; to gambol
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
adds force or indicates command
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
to stick through; to force through; to spread throughout; to thoroughly diffuse; to make a path between two points; to proceed in a logical manner; to let pass
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
reproachful; hateful; bitter
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to mix; to stir; to blend
danger; peril; hazard; risk
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)