practice; practising; training; study
lodging together; training camp; boarding house
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
rearing; training; nurture; cultivation; promotion
frame; framework; border; box; limit; restriction; category
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
before one's very eyes; under one's nose; imminence; close at hand
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
go that far; to that extent
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
each; (arch.) you (plural)
to carry off; to run away with; to sweep away; to take entirely for oneself; to monopolize
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
bar; measure; short pause (in writing); petty principles; minor details
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to slide; to slip off; to get dislocated; to be out of alignment; to get dislodged; to deviate
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
swallowtail butterfly (esp. the citrus swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus)
close; intimate; on good terms
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...