indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
a tiny bit; just a smidgin; a wee bit; very slightly
-less; lacking; non-existing
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; one's emotions; one's feelings; nervousness
as a child; when one was a child
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to paint (draw) a picture
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
gap; space; break; interlude; chink (in one's armor, armour); chance
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
embarrassing; embarrassed; ashamed; disgraceful; shameful
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
third month of the lunar calendar; Yayoi period (ca. 300 BCE-300 CE); Yayoi culture
suffix for familiar person
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to scratch; to perspire; to shovel; to paddle
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
very; extremely; excessively
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to draw (a line); to demarcate; to mark; to plan
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
skillful; skilled; proficient; flattery
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o