indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
lots of; a ton of; a mountain of; piles of; heaps of; so many
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
making; producing; appearance (attire, make-up, etc.); build; physique; sashimi
match; game; bout; contest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
baton (of command); order; command; direction
stop bullshitting me; you're fucking kidding me; you're full of shit
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
supervision; control; superintendence; director; superintendent; supervisor
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
perhaps; probably; generous; many; much
look here; I say; well; I know what; I'll tell you what; just a minute
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to be in the firing line; to bear the brunt of (an attack, criticism, etc.); to face (e.g. questioning)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)