ignorance; innocence; stupidity
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pure; innocent; pure; unmixed; long kimono made from the same plain-coloured cloth
it is assuredly (that) ...; can say with confidence that it is ...
which; where; all; both; anyway; anyhow
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
now; the present time; just now; another; more
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hit; to expose; to apply (e.g. patch); to put on; to allot; to call on someone (e.g. in class); to guess (an answer)
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
stillness; quiet; peacefulness
(one's) older sister; (one's) elder sister; girl
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
mirror; looking-glass; barrel head; page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.; mirror-shaped mochi
from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; on; above; the best; top
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.); to look down into (a ravine, etc.); to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.); to sneak a look at; to take a quick look at; to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.); to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
elementary; basic; rudimentary
trick; plot device; mystery-fiction trope