indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
back country; remote countryside
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
image (on a screen); picture (e.g. on a TV); video; film; reflection; image (in one's mind)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to spell; to write; to compose; to bind (e.g. documents); to patch
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration
loss; damage; harm; disadvantage; handicap; drawback
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
well-matched (esp. of a couple); becoming; suitable
two persons; two people; pair; couple
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
impertinent; saucy; cheeky; impudent; audacious; cocky
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
now; the present time; just now; another; more
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
disturbance; trouble; ups and downs
presentiment; premonition; hunch; to have a premonition; to have a hunch
stop bullshitting me; you're fucking kidding me; you're full of shit
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
after all; because; but; even; too; as well